-Purpose.

This funding announcement issued by the National Institute of Nursing Research and the National Cancer Institute seeks to stimulate research on the decision-making processes made by persons faced with life-threatening illness.

These illnesses are ones that almost always lead to

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death in a fairly short period of time if left untreated, but may be chronic or even cured if dealt with early in the disease process.

An example of a life-threatening illness that may be chronic for some years would be HIV infection when treated.

An example of a life-threatening illness that may be cured in its early stages would be breast cancer.

Decision-making can occur from the point of adopting preventive behaviors through the end of life.

Examples of such decisions could include participating in an HIV vaccine clinical trial, testing for genetic disorder, choosing a treatment intervention vs.

watchful waiting (as in early stage prostate cancer), choosing a treatment intervention among several options, joining a therapeutic clinical trial, or making end-of-life care decisions.

-Mechanism of Support.

This FOA will use the NIH Exploratory/Developmental (R21) grant mechanism and runs in parallel with a FOA of identical scientific scope, PA-07-062, that solicit applications under the R01 grant mechanism.

-Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards.

Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications.