-Purpose.

To encourage behavioral and social science research on the causes and solutions to health and disabilities disparities in the U. S. population.

Health disparities between, on the one hand, racial/ethnic populations, lower socioeconomic classes, and rural residents and, on the

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other hand, the overall U. S. population are major public health concerns.

Emphasis is placed on research in and among three broad areas of action:
1) Public policy, 2) health care, and 3) disease/disability prevention.

Particular attention is given to reducing "health gaps" among groups.

Proposals that utilize an interdisciplinary approach, investigate multiple levels of analysis, incorporate a life-course perspective, and/or employ innovative methods such as system science or community-based participatory research are particularly encouraged.

-Mechanism of Support.

This FOA will utilize the NIH Exploratory/Developmental (R21) award mechanism and runs in parallel with the FOA of identical scientific scope, PAR-07-379, that solicits applications under the R01 mechanism.

Funds Available and Anticipated Number of Awards.

During the first year of this announcement, the NIH anticipates supporting 10 to 20 awards.

The total amount awarded and the number of awards will depend upon the numbers, quality, duration, and costs of the applications received.

Awards issued under this FOA are contingent upon the availability of funds and the submission of a sufficient number of meritorious applications.